Job satisfaction among public sector health employees: Gender, sexual identity, and ethnicity

Abstract

We explore the determinants, and differences, in reported job satisfaction for women,
ethnic minority and LGB+ employees among public sector health employees in the
English National Health Service (NHS). A broad range of possible determinants are
considered including demographic variables, job characteristics, and supportive
workplace measures. Women are found to be more likely to be satisfied with their jobs,
as are LGB+ employees from ethnic minorities. There is evidence that higher wage is
positively associated with job satisfaction, but relative wages are not consistently related
to job satisfaction. In contrast, supportive workplace practices are strongly associated
with higher rates of job satisfaction. Of particular importance are effective workplace
anti-bullying polices and the presence of relevant minority staff networks, especially
for those identifying as LGB+. These results suggest that organisations can raise job
satisfaction by further facilitating these supportive workplace practices.